2019陕西高考英语冲刺卷【含答案及解析】

2019陕西高考英语冲刺卷【含答案及解析】

注意事项：

1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)略

第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

If you want to get something done, you might want to put your mobile phone back in your pocket. Researchers have found that the mere presence of a phone is distracting (分心) — even if it is not your own. And the devices (设备) are likely to distract you, even if they are not ringing or “pinging” with text messages. People asked to carry out electronic tests of their attention spans were found to perform worse when a mobile phone was present than other people performing in the presence of a paper notepad.

Scientists from Hokkaido University in Japan said that their findings show that it is harder to concentrate when one of the electronic devices is present. The effect was most marked on people who are not regular users of phones. In tests on 40 undergraduates. Associate Professor Junichiro Kawahara and a colleague divided the subjects into two groups — one asked to carry out tests in the presence of an Apple iPhone next to a computer monitor, and the other in the presence of a notebook.

The test involved asking the participant to search for a particular character among a mess of other characters on the screen. Researchers measured the time it took to find the target. The results of the experiment found that those with the mobile phone took longer to find the character, indicating that participants were automatically distracted by the presence of the phone. The researchers suggest that people are drawn to the presence of a mobile phone, although there are individual differences in how one attempts to ignore it. In conclusion. Professor Kawahara said. “The mere presence of a mobile phone was a distraction among infrequent internet users.”

Another finding is that listening to one half of a mobile phone conversation also distracts people, and other studies have found that placing a mobile phone in view has a negative impact on the quality of face-to-face communications. Holding a mobile phone makes you less likely to get a fair hearing from others.

21. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. A mobile phone won’t distract people unless it’s ringing.

B. People find it hard to concentrate if their phones are present.

C. Text messages distract people even if phones are power off.

D. A paper notepad can help people record much information.

22. Who will be affected most according to the findings?

A. People irregularly using phones.

B. People regularly using phones.

C. People usually using notepads.

D. People always using computers.

22. In a face-to-face communication, what is the effect of putting a mobile phone in sight?

A. It makes listeners feel much awkward.

B. It causes other people to lose respect for you.

C. It reduces people’s attention to what they are listening to.

D. It makes the air of the conversation more pleasant.

【答案】21. B    22. A    23. C

【解析】

21. 主旨大意题。根据第一段Researchers have found that the mere presence of a phone is distracting (分心) — even if it is not your own.得知首段主要讲述了如果身边有手机，人们会分心。故选B。

22. 细节理解题。根据第二段The effect was most marked on people who are not regular users of phones.得知研究表明：使用手机无规律的人们更会受到手机的影响而分心。故选A。

23. 细节理解题。最后一段and other studies have found that placing a mobile phone in view has a negative impact on the quality of face-to-face communications. Holding a mobile phone makes you less likely to get a fair hearing from others.得知与人聊天时身边有手机，人们很容易听不到说话人的讲话。故选C。

B

In modem times, many teenagers have idols of their own who are always some stars on TV on the Internet, etc. These stars always think that a slimmer figure may be perfect for themselves. However, does size really matter? Are teenage fans trying hard to become like their idols? Do famous stars really have the power to influence people especially teenagers?

For the longest time, many parents blame (责备) teen idols for influencing the way their kids act. Have you noticed how teens idolize the stars these days? Even, their personal affairs are being followed by kids these days. Take for example the case of Lindsay Lohan or Mary Kate Ashley, They are definitely famous teen stars. However, since they are trying to project an image to satisfy a lot of people in show business their health and body suffer. Many kids are aware of this problem. But they are easily influenced by these stars to exercise and eat less.

It is a fact that the media and especially famous teen stars can influence people powerfully. But teenagers are easily influenced because teenage years are the period when our personality and identity developments take place. Teens watching TV shows and reading magazines are easily pulled into the dieting and harmful eating habits because the media have some ways to pull these acts. They use thin models and stars to endorse (宣传) products or to star in an up-and-coming shows or movies. With fierce competition, stars are forced to eat less and do extreme exercise routines to get the roles or offers that come their way.

Living in today’s time and generation is a bit disturbing to a lot of parents. Media, especially as well as the stars, have a very powerful influence to drive teenagers to good or bad. It’s good that we can control ourselves to avoid bad things from happening. If not, parents should really be aware and guide their teens to determine what’s in and what’s out.

24. According to the passage, we can learn that Lindsay Lohan       .

A. lives a rich and happy life   

B. lives an unhealthy lifestyle

C. doesn’t get any exercise   

D. sets a good example for teenagers

25. Many stars have to be on diet         .

A. to keep healthy to face competition  

B. to keep a slim size

C. to survive under pressure   

D. to satisfy their teenage fans

26. In the author’s view, why are teenagers easily influenced by some TV shows?

A. They are in their development period.   

B. They are tired of school.

C. Their idols often appear in many TV shows.   

D. They have nothing to do in their spare time.

27. What’s the title of the passage?

A. Parent’s Responsibilities.   

B. Advice on Self-control.

C. Media’s Bad Influences.   

D. Bad Influences of idols.

【答案】24. B    25. C    26. A    27. D

【解析】本文主要在讲述偶像明星带来的坏影响。

24. 推理判断题。根据第二段中Take for example the case of Lindsay Lohan or Mary Kate Ashley, They are definitely famous teen stars. However. since they arc trying to project an image to satisfy a lot of people in show business. their health and body suffer.可知，Lindsay Lohan过着一个不健康的生活方式。故选B。

25. 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句With fierce. competition. stars are forced to eat less and do extreme exercise routines to get the roles or offers that come their way.可知，很多明星减肥是为了压力之下的幸存。故选C。

26. 细节理解题。根据第三段中But teenagers are easily influenced because teenage years are the period when our personality and identity developments take place.可知，青少年容易受电视节目的影响是因为他们正处于发展期。故选A。

27. 主旨大意题。纵观全文，再根据最后一段中Living in today’s time and generation is a bit disturbing to a lot of parents. Media, especially as well as the stars, have a very powerful influence to drive teenagers to good or bad. It’s good that we can control ourselves to avoid bad things from happening.可知，本文主要在讲述偶像明星带来的坏影响。

C

A massive winter storm is expected to begin hitting Massachusetts tonight, dumping up to a foot or more of snow in some areas, while whipping the coast with powerful winds and driving rains, forecasters predict.

    “It’s got a little bit of everything,” William Babecock, a meteologist（气象学家）at the National Weather Service in Taunton, said of the post-Christmas storm that brought snowstorm conditions to the Ohio Valley before heading east with its mixed bag of snow, sleet, and rain.

     State Highway Administrator Frank De Paola said more than 4,000 states and snowplows（扫雪车）and salt spreaders were ready to make the roads safer for holiday travelers.

    “MassDOT will be fully staffed and will be ready to handle this,” De Paola said, nothing that the storm, which should bring snow to most of the state except the Cape and Island before turning into rain tomorrow, is Massachusetts’ first significant snow storm of this winter season.

    “There have been events where we have had pretty much freezing, icing concerns, which we have treated with chemicals.But this is the first big event that will call for plowing,” he said.

     A high wind watch has been issued for southeastern Massachusetts, including Cape Cod, Forecasters say the wind could reach 60 mph, possibly bringing down power lines.

    In Worcester, some were busy for severer by buying rock salt,shovels and windshield wash,Barrows Hardware president Brain Barrow said.He called the volume（总量）of customers at his Webster Street store very steady on Wednesday morning, “You do get that supermarket effect for sure,”he said of shoppers stocking supplies before a storm.

     There were no flight delays or cancellations at Logan International Airport in Boston as of day,” Right now, everything’s running normally.” airport spokesman Richard Walsh said.But Walsh said as the day progressed, travelers should contact their airlines directly to check the status of their flights.

28. According to William Babecock, we can know that_____.

A. snow, sleet, and rain occurred after Christmas

B. nothing has been done to prepare for the winter storm

C. 400 snowplows were ready for the snow

D. the snowstorm came from the Ohio snow

29. We can conclude from Paragraph 5 that_____.

A. this winter season is filled with great significance

B. Massachusetts seldom sees snow all year round

C. here are some poisonous chemicals in the snow

D. the icy roads have inconvenienced people

30. Some people bought supplies _______.

A. became they got affected by the supermarket

B. because they were wrongly directed to do this

C. because they were excited to be informed

D. because they were preparing themselves for the snow

31. What does the author mainly want to say in the passage?

A. People tend to fall into a panic when faced with had weather

B. The government shows concern for people’s living conditions

C. People from all walks of life have gotten ready for the snow

D. Flights usually aren’t affected much by had weather

【答案】28. A    29. D    30. D    31. C

【解析】

28. 细节推理题。根据第二段William Babecock, a meteologist（气象学家）at the National Weather Service in Taunton, said of the post-Christmas storm that brought snowstorm conditions to the Ohio Valley before heading east with its mixed bag of snow, sleet, and rain.可知根据William Babecock的观点，圣诞节后将有雨、雨夹雪和雪。故选A。

29. 推理判断题。根据第五段we have had pretty much freezing, icing concerns, which we have treated with chemicals.可知雨雪后会带来许多问题，给人们带来各种不便需要处理。故选D。

30. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“You do get that supermarket effect for sure,” he said of shoppers stocking supplies before a storm.和常识可知在暴风雪来临之前人们购买物资是因为雨雪过后交通不便，是提前储备。故选D。

31. 推理判断题。根据第三段more than 4,000 states and snowplows（扫雪车）and salt spreaders were ready to make the roads safer for holiday travelers.和最后两段He called the volume（总量）of customers at his Webster Street store very steady on Wednesday morning和There were no flight delays or cancellations at Logan International Airport in Boston as of day,” Right now, everything’s running normally.”可知各方面已经做好了迎接暴风雪的准备，一切运行正常。故选C。

D

I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part in and live in.

With this unshakable belief. I, at fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every with writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other people’s writing can one discover what works, what doesn’t and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.

Now I am in college，and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction (文学作品). As a law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matter — the volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life. Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road，all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn’t necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.

32. What can be inferred about the author as a child?

A. He never watched TV.

B. He read what he had to.

C. He found reading unbelievable.

D. He considered reading part of his life.

33. The underlined word “voice” in the second paragraph most probably means “________”.

A. an idea                  B. a sound quality

C. a way of writing                  D. a world to write about

34. What effect does reading have on the author?

A. It helps him to realize his dream.

B. It opens up a wider world for him.

C. It makes his college life more interesting.

D. It increases his interest in worldwide travel.

35. Which of the following can b€ the best title of this text?

A. Why do I read?         B. How do I read?

C. What do I read?         D. When do I read?

【答案】24. D    25. C    26. B    27. A

【解析】

32. 推理判断题。根据第一段In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part in, and live in.可知，我认为读书是很自然的一部分，故选D。

33. 词意猜测题。根据第二段He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with.可知，这里的voice是指他自己的写作的方式，只有通过阅读，他才会知道自己的阅读方式。故选C。

34. 推理判断题。根据最后一段Reading fiction(小说) reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.可知，通过阅读拓宽了视野，为作者打开了世界这扇窗户。故选B。

35.  标题判断题。本文是从自身个人经历的角度出发，向大家讲述了阅读的重要性。即主要是关于我们为什么要阅读。故选A。

第二节　 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

　　根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　How to Help Children Learn From Their Mistakes

Everyone makes mistakes. __36___ As parents, it’s our duty to help our children learn from their mistakes. Turning a mistake into a learning experience will help your child grow. Here are some tips for helping children leam from their mistakes.

Explain exactly what the mistake is. It’s important to make your child accept the fact that he made a mistake. Talk with your child and help him exactly understand what he did is not right. _37___ Never imagine he knows; always talk over the problem early.

Ask your child to make an apology if his mistakes hurt others. This step takes a mistake that is connected with another person even further. ___38___ By making your child go to see and talk with the person who was hurt, he will more fully understand the results of the mistake and learn from that bad experience.

Offer suggestion in different ways to lead your child to avoid making the same mistakes again. You can choose to share your personal examples if you had the same problem before. __39___ He may not want to do exactly the same thing, but it will get him to start in the right direction.

___40___ Having your child try to work through the problem and know how to deal with it on by himself will help develop his reasoning skills, which is good for his self-development. In this way, he will know what he should do if a similar situation appears in the future.

A. Tell your child how you dealt with the problem.

B. Now it’s time to help him properly correct mistakes.

C. Praise him if he fully understands the- mistake he made.

D. Children need to learn the results of their mistakes.

E. Learning from mistakes is what makes us become better people.

F. Encourage your child to find a way to deal with the problem alone.

G. Sometimes a child fails to know why the things he did are wrong.

【答案】36. E    37. G    38. D    39. A    40. F

第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage(按揭), credit cards, success. I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us____41____chasing the same thing.

One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell ___42___. I found myself homeless and alone. I had my truck and $56. I___43___the countryside for some place I could rent for the___44___possible amount. I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road ___45___ the Potomac River in West Virginia. It was ___46___, full of broken glass and rubbish. I found the owner, rented it, and ___47___  a corner to camp in.

The locals knew nothing about me, ___48___ slowly, they started teaching me the ___49___ of being a neighbor. They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began __50___ around to chat. They started to teach me a belief in a ___51___ American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of ___52___.

What I had believed in, all those things I thought were___53___ for a civilized life, were nonexistent in this place.___54___ on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my __55___ with my neighbors.

Four years later, I moved back into  ___56___. I saw many people were having a really hard time, ___57___ their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to ___58___ a handful of people. There are four of us now in the house, but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places. We'd all be in___59___if we hadn't banded together.

The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. It's not so much about what I can get for myself; it's about ___60___ we can all get by together.

41. A. separately B. equally C. violently D. naturally

42. A. off B. apart C. over               D. out

43. A. crossed B. left               C. toured D. searched

44. A. fullest B. largest               C. fairest D. cheapest

45. A. over B. through C. at D. round

46. A. occupied B. emptied C. abandoned D. robbed

47. A. turned B. cleared C. approached D. cut

48. A. for               B. although C. otherwise D. but

49. A. benefit B. art C. nature               D. lesson

50. A. swinging B. looking C. sticking D. turning

51. A. different B. real               C. wild               D. remote

52. A. kindness B. happiness C. friendliness D. neighborliness

53. A. unique B. expensive C. necessary D. rare

54. A. Along B. Down               C. Deep               D. Up

55. A. cooperation                  B. satisfaction C. relationships D. appointments

56. A. reality B. town               C. society               D. life

57. A. creating B. losing               C. offering D. quitting

58. A. put in B. turn in               C. get in               D. take in

59. A. yards B. camps               C. shelters D. cottages

60. A. how B. what               C. whether D. when

【答案】

41. B    42. A    43. C    44. B    45. A    46. C    47. B    48. D    49. B    50. C   

51. A    52. D    53. C    54. D    55. C    56. B    57. B    58. D    59. C    60. A

【解析】

41. 答案：A　所有的人都各自地追逐着同样的东西。separately各自地，分别地，符合题意。而equally平等地，violently猛烈地，暴力地，naturally自然地，皆不合题意。

42. 答案：B　由不好的事及下文我独自一人无家可归，可知一切都失败了。fall apart崩溃，失败，符合题意。

43. 答案：D　我在乡下搜索寻找一个可以租的地方。search...for...搜索某一范围找某个东西，符合题意。

44. 答案：D　由上文我只有56美元，可知是找一个最便宜的出租地，故选D项。

45. 答案：C　在河流的上方用over。

46. 答案：B　由下文，充满破玻璃和垃圾，可知是一个废弃的地方。abandoned 废弃的，遗弃的，符合题意。occupied忙碌的，被占的。

47. 答案：C　由上文房子充满破玻璃和垃圾，所以，要先清理出一个角落才能入住。clear清理，符合题意。

48. 答案：A　上句当地人不认识我，下句他们开始教给我，之间是转折关系，用but连接两个并列分句。

49. 答案：D　由下文“邻居们放下毯子，蜡烛，工具”等等，可知这是作邻居的艺术，故选D项。

50. 答案：A　邻居们放下东西，停下来聊天。stick around停留，逗留，符合题意。

51. 答案：C　由下文“不是个人的成就，而是……”与我原本以为的完全不同，故选C项。

52. 答案：A　由上文可知，作者感动的是邻里之间的和睦关系，故选A项。neighborliness睦邻，亲近，和睦，符合题意。

53. 答案：D　原本我认为对于城市生活必需的东西，故选D项。